#WaterConservation #AgriculturalSustainability #NoisetsoKatleho #DeficitNosetso #SoilMonitoring #CropQuality
Khaello ea metsi ke ntho e tšoenyang haholo temong, e leng se susumetsang tlhoko ea maano a macha a paballo ea metsi. Balemi ba meroho lefatšeng ka bophara ba ntse ba batla litsela tsa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebeliso ea metsi hantle ha ba ntse ba boloka chai. Ts'ebetsong ena, bukana ea "Building Soil and Better Crops" ea Temo e Tsoelang Pele le Thuto (SARE), e ngotsoeng ke Fred Magdoff le Harold van Es, e fana ka lintlha tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa balemi ba meroho ho baballa metsi ka ho nosetsa.
- Tekolo ea Mobu le Limela
Tlhokomelo e sebetsang ea mobu le limela ke motheo oa ho nosetsa ho se nang metsi. Lisebelisoa tsa mobu tse kang li-tensiometers, li-block blocks, TDR (time-domain reflectometry), le li-capacitance probes li fana ka tlhahlobo ea nako ea sebele ea maemo a mongobo oa mobu. Theknoloji ena e thusa balemi ho lekola maemo a mongobo ka nepo le ho etsa liqeto tse nang le tsebo ea ho nosetsa. Ka ho qoba ho nosetsa ho feteletseng, ho senyeha ha metsi hoa fokotseha, 'me lijalo li fumana metsi a lekaneng ao li a hlokang.
Ho hlahloba matšoao a khatello ea metsi ho boetse ho phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho ntlafatsa nosetso. Khatello ea metsi hangata e lebisa ho mocheso o phahameng oa makhasi, o ka bonoang ka setšoantšo sa mocheso kapa haufi le infrared. Mokhoa ona oa ho lemoha kapele o lumella balemi ho lemoha litlhoko tsa nosetso hang-hang, ho thibela khatello ea metsi ea lijalo le ho matlafatsa ts'ebeliso ea metsi ka kakaretso.
- Sebetsa le Boemo ba Leholimo
Ho sebelisana le lintlha tsa boemo ba leholimo ke mokhoa o mong o matla oa paballo ea metsi. Ditshebeletso tsa mmuso tsa boemo ba lehodimo le diteishene tsa boemo ba lehodimo tse polaseng di fana ka lesedi la bohlokwa mabapi le dipula tsa tlhaho le sekgahla sa moya wa moya. Ka ho kopanngoa ha lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, thekenoloji ea khomphutha, le lisebelisoa tsa ho sebelisa metsi le manyolo sebakeng se itseng, balemi ba ka lokisa mekhoa ea ho nosetsa hore e tsamaellane le maemo a leholimo a sebakeng seo. Nosetso ena e nepahetseng e fokotsa tšenyo ea metsi 'me e ntlafatsa kholo ea lijalo ka ho etsa bonnete ba hore metsi a fanoa ha a hlokahala haholo.
- Metsi Feela Ha ho Hlokahala
Nosetso ea khaello, mokhoa o batlisisitsoeng hantle, o kenyelletsa ho sebelisa maemo a metsi a ka tlase ho 100% ea evapotranspiration. Liphuputso li bontša hore mokhoa ona o ka boloka chai ea lijalo ha o ntse o fokotsa tšebeliso ea metsi. Ho feta moo, ho nosetsa ka khaello ho khothalletsa limela ho itšetleha ka mongobo o bolokiloeng oa mobu, ho khothalletsa tšebeliso e nepahetseng ea metsi. Hoa thahasellisa hore balemi ba morara ka boomo ba sebelisa nosetso ea khaello ho baka khatello ea metsi e bobebe, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba morara ka tlhahiso ea li-anthocyanins.
Liphello tsa Ntlafatso:
Ho kengoa ts'ebetsong ha maano ana a paballo ea metsi ho na le litlamorao tse ntle molemong oa tlhahiso ea temo le ho boloka tikoloho. Ka ho sebelisa mekhoa ea ho hlahloba mobu le limela, balemi ba ka ntlafatsa linako tsa ho nosetsa, ho fokotsa litšila tsa metsi le tšebeliso ea matla e amanang le ho nosetsa ho sa hlokahaleng. Ho kopanya lintlha tsa boemo ba leholimo le thekenoloji e tsoetseng pele ho ntlafatsa mokhoa oa ho nosetsa, ho kenya letsoho lijalong tse phetseng hantle le ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea metsi.
Nosetso ea khaello ha e netefatse taolo ea metsi e nang le boikarabelo feela empa e boetse e khothaletsa boleng bo betere ba lijalo le kabo ea mehloli. Ka ho itšetleha ka mongobo oa mobu o bolokiloeng, limela li khona ho mamella khaello ea metsi haholoanyane, e leng se lebisang ntlafatsong ea ho mamella temo ha ho tobane le maemo a leholimo a fetohang.
Lefatšeng leo mehloli ea metsi e leng tlas'a khatello e ntseng e eketseha, ho bohlokoa ho sebelisa mekhoa e baballang metsi temong. Balemi ba meroho ba ka bapala karolo ea bohlokoa paballong ea metsi ka ho amohela tlhokomelo ea mobu le limela, ho sebelisana le lintlha tsa boemo ba leholimo, le ho kenya ts'ebetsong nosetso ea khaello. Mehato ena ha e ntlafatse chai ea lijalo feela empa hape e kenya letsoho mekhoeng ea temo ea moshoelella e etelletsang pele taolo e nang le boikarabelo ea lisebelisoa.