Bo-rasaense ba Univesithi ea California ba fumane boitsebiso ba liphatsa tsa lefutso bo tla thusa lijalo tsa lijo tse kang tamati le raese hore li phele nako e telele, linako tse matla tsa komello polaneteng ea rona e futhumetseng.
Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, sehlopha sa bafuputsi se ile sa batla ho theha setsi sa limolek'hule sa metso ea lijalo, moo limela li qalang ho lemoha liphello tsa komello le litšokelo tse ling tsa tikoloho. Ka ho etsa joalo, ba ile ba sibolla liphatsa tsa lefutso tseo bo-rasaense ba ka li sebelisang ho sireletsa limela likhatellong tsena. Mosebetsi oa bona, o hatisitsoeng ka May 20 koranteng Cell, e fihletse tekanyo e phahameng ea kutloisiso ea mesebetsi ea motso hobane e ne e kopanya boitsebiso ba liphatsa tsa lefutso ho tloha lisele tse fapaneng tsa metso ea tamati e hōlileng ka bobeli ka hare le ka ntle.
"Hangata, bafuputsi ba etsa liteko tsa lab le greenhouse, empa lihoai li lema lintho tšimong, 'me lintlha tsena li sheba le mehlala ea masimo," ho boletse Neelima Sinha, moprofesa oa UC Davis oa baeloji ea limela le sengoli-'moho le pampiri. Lintlha li ile tsa fana ka tlhahisoleseding mabapi le liphatsa tsa lefutso tse bolellang semela ho etsa lintho tse tharo tsa bohlokoa.
Xylem ke lijana tse sekoti, tse kang liphaephe tse tsamaisang metsi le limatlafatsi ho tloha metsong ho ea fihla letlobong. Ntle le lipalangoang ka xylem, semela se ke ke sa iketsetsa lijo tsa sona ka photosynthesis. "Xylem e bohlokoa haholo ho sireletsa limela khahlanong le komello hammoho le letsoai le likhatello tse ling," ho boletse sengoli se ka sehloohong sa thuto Siobhan Brady, moprofesa oa baeloji ea limela UC Davis.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ntle le ho tsamaisa liminerale tsa limela ka xylem, batho le liphoofolo tse ling ba ka ba le livithamine le limatlafatsi tse fokolang tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ho phela ha rona. Ho phaella ho libapali tse ling tse tloaelehileng tse hlokahalang ho theha xylem, liphatsa tsa lefutso tse ncha le tse makatsang li ile tsa fumanoa.
Sehlopha sa bobeli sa senotlolo sa liphatsa tsa lefutso ke tse tsamaisang karolo e ka ntle ea motso ho hlahisa lignin le suberin. Suberin ke ntho ea bohlokoa ka har'a cork 'me e pota-potile lisele tsa semela sebakeng se teteaneng, se tšoarella metsing nakong ea komello. Lijalo tse kang tamati le raese li na le suberin metsong. Litholoana tsa liapole li na le suberin e potolohileng lisele tsa tsona tse ka ntle. Hohle moo e hlahang teng, e thibela semela ho lahleheloa ke metsi. Lignin e boetse e sireletsa lisele tsa metsi le ho fana ka tšehetso ea mechine.
"Suberin le lignin ke mefuta ea tlhaho ea tšireletso ea komello, 'me hona joale hore liphatsa tsa lefutso tse li kenyang sebakeng sena se khethehileng sa lisele li se li khetholloa, metsoako ena e ka ntlafatsoa," ho boletse sengoli-'moho le eena Julia Bailey-Serres, UC. Riverside moprofesa oa liphatsa tsa lefutso. “Ke thabile hore ebe re ithutile ho hongata ka liphatsa tsa lefutso tse laolang lera lena le thibelang mongobo. Ho bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho khona ho ntlafatsa mamello ea komello bakeng sa lijalo,” o boletse joalo.
Liphatsa tsa lefutso tse kenyelletsang motso oa semela le tsona li ile tsa tšoana hantle pakeng tsa tamati, raese le Arabidopsis, e leng semela se kang lehola. Meristem ke ntlha e ntseng e hola ea motso o mong le o mong, 'me ke mohloli oa lisele tsohle tse etsang motso.
Bailey-Serres o itse: "Ke sebaka se tla etsa motso o mong, 'me se sebetsa e le stem cell niche." "E laola litšobotsi tsa metso ka boeona, joalo ka hore na e ba boholo hakae. Ho tseba ka eona ho ka re thusa hore re be le mekhoa e metle ea metso.”
Brady o hlalositse hore ha lihoai li thahasella lijalo tse itseng, ba khetha limela tse nang le litšobotsi tseo ba li bonang, tse kang litholoana tse khōloanyane, tse khahlehang. Ntho e thata le ho feta ke hore balemi ba khethe limela tse nang le thepa e ka tlas'a lefatše tseo ba sa li boneng.
"'Halofo e patiloeng' ea semela, e ka tlas'a mobu, e bohlokoa hore balemi ba nahane hore na ba batla ho lema semela ka katleho," ho boletse Brady. "Ho khona ho fetola boleng ba metso ea semela ho tla re thusa ho hlahisa lijalo tse nang le lintho tse lakatsehang."
Leha thuto ena e hlahlobile limela tse tharo feela, sehlopha se lumela hore liphuputso li ka sebelisoa ka bophara. “Tamati le raese li arotsoe ke lilemo tse fetang limilione tse 125 tsa ho iphetola ha lintho, leha ho le joalo re ntse re bona ho tšoana pakeng tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso tse laolang litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa,” ho boletse Bailey-Serres. Ho ka etsahala hore lintho tsena tse tšoanang li sebetsa le lijalong tse ling.